180-Day Legal Deadline Calculator

Precisely calculate 180-day windows for speedy trial rights, immigration status bars, statute deadlines, and court-ordered compliance periods.

The 180-day rule in criminal law

Under the Sixth Amendment to the US Constitution, defendants have the right to a speedy trial. Many states have codified this as an explicit 180-day deadline. Key examples:

  • Michigan: MCL 780.131 — incarcerated defendants must be brought to trial within 180 days of the prosecutor receiving notice of the inmate's intent to invoke the rule.
  • New York: CPL 30.30 — the prosecution must be ready for trial within 180 days for felonies (6 months).
  • Interstate Agreement on Detainers: A defendant may demand trial on detainer charges within 180 days of written notice to the prosecutor.

The 180-day bar in immigration

Under INA § 212(a)(9)(B), individuals who accrue unlawful presence in the United States face re-entry bars when they depart:

  • 180–364 days of unlawful presence → 3-year re-entry bar
  • 365+ days of unlawful presence → 10-year re-entry bar

Calculating exactly when 180 days of unlawful presence is reached is critical. Our calculator helps you determine this date from any start date.

Using the calendar for legal deadlines

Enter the triggering event date (arrest date, filing date, notice date) as the start date, keep the days at 180, and the calculator will show the deadline date. Use "Business days only" if your jurisdiction counts court/business days rather than calendar days.

⚠️ Important legal disclaimer

This tool provides date arithmetic only. Legal deadlines are determined by statute, court rules, judicial interpretation, and case-specific facts. Always confirm deadlines with a licensed attorney. This is not legal advice.

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Got questions?

Frequently asked questions

The 180-day speedy trial rule is a constitutional protection in many US states that requires the government to bring a criminal defendant to trial within 180 days of arraignment, indictment, or the defendant invoking their right. If the deadline is violated without good cause, the court may dismiss the charges with or without prejudice.
Under US immigration law, the 180-day rule (also called the "180-day bar") affects applicants who were unlawfully present for between 180 and 364 days. Departing after this period triggers a 3-year bar to re-entry. Unlawful presence over 365 days triggers a 10-year bar. Calculating these windows precisely is critical.
Yes. Courts may toll (pause) the 180-day clock for various reasons, including continuances requested by the defense, unavailability of witnesses, pending motions, or agreement of the parties. Each tolling event must be carefully documented. Consult your attorney about what events affect the clock in your jurisdiction.
This tool is for informational and preliminary planning purposes only. Legal deadlines are governed by specific statutes, court rules, and judicial interpretations that vary widely. Always verify deadlines with a licensed attorney and official court records.